Research Abstracts

The Dead Sea is the lowest point on the earth. Historically, its level was 392 m below sea level. Due to the diversion of the water that is feeding the sea from the north and to the construction of industrial facilities in the south to extract minerals, the Dead Sea level nowadays has been lowered t

The potential for an autonomous wave-powered desalination system is considered and it is identified that the most promising configuration is a reverse osmosis (RO) plant utilising a pressure exchanger-intensifier for energy recovery. A numerical model of the RO plant with a pressure exchanger-intens

Biofouling affinity of four thin film membranes was evaluated under quiescent conditions by exposing the membrane to the effluent from a membrane bioreactor. Coupons of the thin film membranes were left for 5 days in the bioreactor effluent which was filtered through a 0.2 micron filter. The surface

It is common practice to operate mechanical vapor-compression (MVC) seawater desalination systems at temperatures lower than 80EC. This study presents the detail engineering and economics of a MVC system operating at 172EC. The literature indicates that high overall heat transfer coefficients for th

Adelaide is the capital city of South Australia, one of the driest states in the world. The city receives its potable water from a series of water catchments and the River Murray. Unfortunately, the current drought combined with other environmental factors is putting a strain on the River and its wa

Conventional precipitation methods of industrial sewage and wastewater purification are not very effective and are insufficient in many cases. This implies the necessity of searching new, effective methods exploiting cheap, accessible and ecologically safe ion exchangers and sorbents. The paper pres

The feasibility of using an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor followed by activated sludge (AS system) for the treatment of wastewater discharged from dairy factory was explored. The UASB reactor was operated at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h and organic loading rates (OLRs)

The main objective of this work was to investigate boron removal from seawater using two commercial high rejection SWRO membranes. The impact of solution pH, feed concentration, pressure, and cross-flow velocity on boron rejection and permeate flux was determined. The membranes used were the TorayTM

Treatment of aniline hypersaline wastewater with a combined physical–biological method was investigated in this study. This method consisted of the physical adsorption of aniline from hypersaline effluents by resins and the biodegradation of the adsorbate and the regeneration of the adsorbent in the

The emphasis on increased reuse of drainage water for irrigation is essential as Egypt expands its agricultural base to meet the food requirements for rapidly population growth rate. The Government of Egypt implemented El-Salaam Canal project to reuse drainage water, to create new communities along