Research Abstracts

Membrane fouling is one of the main factors affecting the diffusion of membrane bioreactors to wastewater treatments. Fouling is generally held to persist above a so-called “critical flux”, below which a steady-state membrane permeability is assumed to be attainable. However, a number of recent stud

In this communication, an attempt has been made to find out the convective heat transfer coefficient for active solar distillation system. It is a well-known fact that the distillate output (the yield) decreases significantly with the increase of water depth in the basin of the solar still. It is al

This paper relates to the energetic and exergetic analysis of single-, double- and triple-effect distiller driven by solar energy. Energetic analysis makes it possible to define an applicable zone of operation according to the following criteria: water rejection limit to 50%, maximum salinity limit

A model for a spiral-wound reverse osmosis system using the three-parameter membrane transport model by Spiegler–Kedem is presented. The pressure drops in the permeate channel, feed channel and also the variation of the mass transfer coefficient along the feed channel were taken into account. An ana

In Gulf countries, most power plants are co-generation power desalting plants (CPDP) that generate electric energy and also produce fresh water through the desalination of seawater. This paper provides detailed technical and economical analyses to evaluate a new generation of dual purpose technology

The objectives of this research were to evaluate two different processes using for wastewater reclamation in a hightech industrial park area in Taiwan. The major units of the first AC–RO–IE system included sand filter, an activated carbon (AC) bed, microfiltration module, a reverse osmosis (RO) memb

This paper considers the optimal design and operation of electrodialysis (ED) desalination plants. In general an ED plant aims to produce potable water from a high salinity source, like brackish water or high salinity water. The system is modelled mathematically as mixed-integer non-linear programmi

More than 90% of the population of the Gaza Strip depends on desalinated water for drinking purposes. About 90% of the groundwater is unacceptable for drinking as a result of contamination by nitrate and chloride. One of the major options for resolving the water problems is the utilization of desali

Textile industries consume large amounts of water and generate highly dye-contaminated effluents. Textile wastewaters have to be treated in order to be recycled in the process or to meet legislative requirements before being discharged. The objective of the present study was to examine the potential

We proposed a newly designed, maritime lifesaving small distiller consisting of a windmill and a number of horizontal concentric cylindrical partitions in contact with saline-soaked wicks. The wind energy is directly converted to frictional thermal energy in a liquid heat medium forming a thin layer