Research Abstracts

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes are a relatively new class of membranes which have properties in between those of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes and reverse-osmosis (RO) ones. Their separation mechanisms involve both steric (sieving) effects and electrical (Donnan) effects. The significance of this me

A desalination family prototype has been designed in a laboratory supplying good quality water for drinking and household cooking needs. The available intermittent and fluctuating energy source (solar or wind) has made us explore the coupling of such a source to a prototype that operates itself in a

A visual basic computer package was developed for the design and analysis of thermal and membrane desalination processes. The package includes conventional processes, i.e., reverse osmosis, single-effect mechanical vapor compression, multiple-effect evaporation with/without thermal or mechanical vap

Reverse osmosis separation of inorganic salts in aqueous solutions has been studied using polyamide thin film composite membrane, in spiral wound configuration. Various inorganic salts involving monovalent and divalent ions have been studied. The solute transport through the membrane and the mass tr

One of the major problems associated with membrane separation processes, which restricts the widespread application of this process in the industry is the decline in flux. This occurs due to the build up of the solute concentration near the membrane surface, which is defined as concentration polaris

The decision to use a desalination system as well as the selection of the most appropriate combined energy source depends on several parameters. The main are the low investment, the low maintenance requirements, a simple operation and a high reliability. This paper discusses the costs dependence fro

Synthesised polyaniline coated onto silica gel and other natural materials such as peanut, almond, nut shells, apricot and olive seeds, etc., have been tested for the ability to retain metallic pollutants. Two adsorbents have been tested, namely silica gel and peanut shells, with copper as the metal

The application of photocatalysis in the treatment of organic micropollutants in wastewater is an interesting alternative and is the object of a great interest over the last years by many researchers. The stage of adsorption of the micropollutant on the photocatalyst, mainly the titanium oxide anata

This experimental work studies photocatalytic degradation of phenol. The semiconductors used were zinc oxide (ZnO) and three commercial titanium oxides (TiO2) (Dégussa P25, TiO2-A1 and TiO2-A2). The rate of removal was greater for Dégussa P25 and ZnO. To understand the difference between photocataly

In water treatment, silica is a problem because of its tendency to form deposits. It is often necessary to include reducing silica concentration to permit increased cycles of concentration without scale. The behavior of aqueous silica and the various water treatment processes used for its removal we