Microfiltration

Reverse osmosis (RO) is currently one of the most prevalent methods used for seawater desalination. During the past four decades, the research and development has reduced the energy consumption from about 20 to 4 kWh/m3, while improvements in membrane science has led to a 20-fold increase in the spe

In the food and beverage industries, spent process water streams containing very different levels of contamination are combined and routed to the mixing and equalizing tank where problems in biological wastewater treatment occur. It could be shown that the treatment of the partial streams for differ

This work reports an ongoing AWWARF research project on integrity testing of low-pressure membrane processes. The project includes an evaluation of existing and improved methods through testing at full-scale plants representing different membrane systems. The assessment and advancement of integrity

Enhanced biological phosphorous (Bio-P) removal process was adapted to membrane bioreactor (MBR). One bench-scale pilot plant (BSP, 200–250 L) and two medium-scale pilot plants (2//MSP, 1000–3000 L each) were operated under several configurations, including pre-denitrification and post-denitrificati

Fully submerged laboratory scale hollow fiber microfiltration module was used to treat a food industry wastewater in Malaysia. Permeate extraction was carried out continuously under a suction pressure not exceeding 0.9 bar. The module is aerated from beneath the microfiltration module to provide the

Pineapple is a very appreciated tropical fruit due to its unique aroma and flavour. Pineapple juice was cold sterilised and clarified by crossflow microfiltration associated with an enzymatic treatment. A tubular polyethersulfone 0.3 µm pore size membrane with effective filtration area of 0.05 m2 wa

The results of preliminary experiments for the production of new tomato juices based on the introduction of a microfiltration (MF) stage before the reverse osmosis (RO) stage are reported. Ceramic multichannel membranes with an average pore size in the micrometer tenths were used in the MF stage to

Cashew apple is a tropical fruit that presents high vitamin C content, rich flavour and aroma. Brazilian market of cashew apple juice is about 40,000 ton/y and it presents a low consumption at the international market. This work had the objective of studying the shelf-life stability of cashew apple

Attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry provided insight into the chemical nature of deposits on polypropylene microfiltration membranes after filtration of two North American surface waters. The spectra of the foulants were easy to distinguish from the spect

Environmental transformations caused by the economic human activity generate rapid changes in surface water quality. The application of activated carbon in conjunction with microfiltration/ultrafiltration processes is an emergency technology for the removal of organic compounds from water for consum