Research Abstracts

A study of cleaning a Bulgarian UF 60 PAN spiral-wound module was carried out on an ultrafiltration unit (Millipore, USA). Chemical cleaning of the membrane with a 0.25% solution of sodium metabisulfite did not prevent biological fouling. When treated with a 1% solution of formaldehyde, membrane fou

As the preparation of interpolyme- type anion-exchange membranes involves several steps and the use of hazardous chemicals such as chloromethyl ether and trimethyl amine, it was envisaged to prepare heterogeneous anion-exchange membranes through a simple technique involving casting of a solution con

During the reactive dyeing of cotton, salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) are placed in a dyebath to aid the exhaustion of various dyes onto the fabric while bases are added to raise the pH from around neutral to pH 11 to achieve fixation. Afterwards, the used dyebath solution, called dyebath spent

A single-stage, basin-type solar still and a conventional flat-plate collector were connected together in order to study the effect of augmentation on the still under local conditions. The still inlet was connected to a locally made, fin-tube collector such that its outlet was fed to the still basin

The application of electrodialysis technology in demineralization of glutamine fermentation broth was studied. We used the one-dimension Nernst–Planck equation to describe the process of demineralization of the glutamine fermentation broth system, did the theoretical calculation on the demineralizat

This study aims at identifying the effect of pretreatment such as flocculation and/or adsorption on the performance of crossflow microfiltration (CFMF). CFMF performance was studied in terms of critical flux. The results indicated that: (1) flocculation alone as a pretreatment could effectively remo

This research focused on the filtration performance of a membrane-coupled fermenter system for dissolved organics recovery from liquid organic sludge. Over the range 0.1–5 µm, the magnitude of total membrane resistance (Rt) is ranged as follows in the order: 0.1 µm>0.2 µm>0.5 µm>1 µm>2 µm>5 µm. The

Fouling layer formation in membrane processes and the role of bacteria in it were investigated using rRNA-targeted fluorescently labelled oligonucleotides. In a laboratory-scale flat-channel test unit, nano- and ultrafiltration of an oligotrophic reservoir water were performed. The bacterial composi

A model was developed to describe the desalination process of an aqueous solution consisting of a salt and a neutral solute using electrodialysis (ED). Under the assumption of plug flow in compartments, the ED process was analyzed in two-dimensional directions of the electric field and flow to get t

Direct contact membrane distillation (MD) by means of composite membranes with a PVA/PEG hydrophilic layer on a hydrophobic PVDF substrate has been developed for desalination. The effects of brine temperature, salt concentration, running time and the addition of ethanol on the flux of composite memb